Monday, December 30, 2019

Behavioral Therapy For Individuals With Anorexia - 1806 Words

Anorexia nervosa is a harrowing mental illness for those affected by it. Those diagnosed with anorexia experience a relentless fear of weight gain and distorted body image, accompanied by disturbed patterns of eating in order to lose as much weight as possible. These individuals maintain a dangerously low body weight, which can lead to severe health complications. Due to the deadly nature of this mental illness, it is imperative to treat the affected individual as effectively as possible. There is a wide range of treatments available for anorexia, with no single treatment yet identified as the foremost option. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one treatment option that is recommended for patients suffering from anorexia. This method aims to†¦show more content†¦In order to main a low body weight, they engage in restrictive eating habits. This is known as the restrictive subtype of anorexia nervosa. These individuals follow low calorie diets, eating only â€Å"safe† food s that they feel comfortable with, and even fast to compensate for meals. Another way that individuals with the restrictive subtype of anorexia try to maintain a low body weight is through excessive exercise. Individuals affected by the binge-purge subtype of anorexia engage in binge eating and purging behaviors, which involves self-induced vomiting in order to compensate for overeating. These abnormal patterns of eating can lead to devastating physical effects because they are not receiving the adequate nutrition needed to sustain their body. They are severely underweight and their body weight is less than 85% of that expected for their age and height. This leads to numerous physical symptoms such as amenorrhea, growing fine hair all over the body in order to maintain body temperature, loss of bone density, slow heart rate, and premature death (Hobbs Johnson, 1996; Fairburn, 2008; Barbarich-Marsteller, 2012). The cause of anorexia is complex and unclear, but there is evidence to s upport that the illness has a genetic and sociocultural components, and that individuals with anorexia share common personality traits as well. Evidence supports that illness is inheritable and runs in families. AnShow MoreRelatedTreatment For Anorexia Nervos A Comparison Of Cognitive Behavior Therapy And Treatment933 Words   |  4 PagesMaintenance treatment for anorexia nervosa: A comparison of cognitive behavior therapy and treatment as usual. By: Jacqueline C. Carter, Traci L. McFarlane, Carmen Bewell, Marion P. Olmstead, D. Blake Woodside, Allan S. Kaplan, and Ross D. Crosby. This 2009 study was designed to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy compared to Maintenance Treatment â€Å"as usual† in patients with Anorexia Nervosa. The study examined the relapse rate of patients with Anorexia Nervosa after undergoingRead MoreCauses Of Anorexia Nervosa1344 Words   |  6 PagesGiven that anorexia nervosa is associated with high rates of mortality, relapse, suicide, and a diminished quality of life, long-term prognosis does look very tragic, with recovery rates ranging from 25-70% (Guarda, 2008). The extant of anorexia nervosa long-term outcome studies have reported, â€Å"only one-third of individuals (37%) recover within 4 years after disease onset; this figure rises to almost half (47%) by year 10 and to 73% after 10 years post onset† (Zerwas et al., 2013). These statisticsRead MoreEssay on Different Types of Eating Disorders1136 Words   |  5 Pageswell-being. Individuals with these mental illnesses go to extremes when dealing with their weight or food intake. Although it is mostly common in women, men also struggle with an eating disorder, whether its anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by extreme thinness, which is mostly accomplished by an individual through self-starvation. Bulimia nervosa is another life-threatening disorder where the individual have a constantRead More Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa Essay1432 Words   |  6 PagesPsychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa What is anorexia? Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that consists of self-regulated food restriction in which the person strives for thinness and also involves distortion of the way the person sees his or her own body. An anorexic person weighs less than 85% of their ideal body weight. The prevalence of eating disorders is between .5-1% of women aged 15-40 and about 1/20 of this number occurs in men. Anorexia affects all aspects of an affected personsRead MoreThe Effects Of Anorexia Nervosa On The Human Body1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Anorexia Nervosa On the Human Body Anorexia is a lack or loss of appetite for food as a medical condition and is also considered an emotional disorder categorized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat. Anorexia is found in all people, male and female of any age and in some cases can be life threatening. The reason Anorexia and all eating disorders in general are important to study is because they are a significant part of society. Eating disorders also hold theRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa (Nutrition and Psychology Related)1638 Words   |  7 PagesVaratta HED: Nutrition Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (Arnold, page26). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, Â…in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students (Arnold, page 39). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if not treated, anorexia can lead to permanentRead More Anorexia Nervosa Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pages Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (NAMI 1). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, â€Å"†¦in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students†(Maloney and Kranz 60). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if n ot treated, anorexia can lead to permanent physical damage or deathRead MoreA Brief Note On Western Iowa Tech Anorexia Nervosa1069 Words   |  5 Pages Anorexia Nervosa Alma I Puga Western Iowa Tech Anorexia Nervosa According to the National Institute of Mental Health, death from starvation, or medical complications, heart attacks or kidney failure, affects 1 out of every 10 cases of Anorexia. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is most common in young adolescents girls . People diagnosed with this disorder have a distorted view of themselves and a fear of gaining weight. They often restrict how much food they eat in orderRead MoreAnorexia Nervos A Group Of Eating Disorders1696 Words   |  7 Pages Anorexia nervosa is psychiatric condition that is part of a group of eating disorders. It is associated with abnormally low body weight, extreme fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of body image. Those with the disorder place a high value on controlling their weight to produce certain image. However, those suffering from the disorder more than likely use extreme efforts that tends to significantly interfere with their health and even normal activities or occupations in their l ivesRead MoreUnderstanding Anorexia Nervosa1008 Words   |  5 PagesAnorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder, with more than 10% of those that suffer from it will die. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is categorized by severe food restriction, excessive exercise and body dysmorphia, which leads those that suffer from it to believe that they are overweight. Anorexia nervosa is commonly misunderstood by the general public. Research has disproved many of the previous thoughts about anorexia nervosa. According to the scientific

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Freud and Film Essay - 2304 Words

Freud and Film Films are probably the closest medium we have to experiencing the inexplicable quality of the dream in our waking lives. Rich in symbol, metaphor, movement and mystery, films, like dreams, enable us to participate in another reality, and, through that participation, to be transformed. Films are like dreams and dreams interpret symbolism in ways science has not even fully discovered yet. The images and symbols within a film are unending and unaccountable. Even the creators of films themselves cannot be aware of the unconscious impact of them all. Imagine the impact of a movie that was full of imagery that only, in its unconscious capacity, complimented the narrative. The film, October, contains an overwhelming†¦show more content†¦If science ever does discover the symbolism behind all the different images which may be used in film and how to use them it will revolutionize the industry and films will become much more deeply impactive and culturally embedded in our day to day lives then they are even today. If Sigmund Freud were alive today and studying film he would argue that mise-en-scene is the most important part of film because of its potential for communication through symbolism. Freud suggests that dreams are a process of wish fulfillment. Freud considred dreams to be a manifestation of the fulfillment of a wish. Taking into account the fact that our dreams often take the form of a story in which we are the protagonist, the totally egotistical nature of dreams, it would make sense for us, as an audience, to identify with the protagonist on screen when we are in a dream enduced state such as in the cinema. When one is in a sleep-like environment, such as the cinema, it is easy to see how through the unconscious process of wish fulfillment one can identify with the characters or lose oneself within a film. This is similar to what we do in our dreams. Through this process of feeling like one is within the story of the film, the imagery and its symbolism become even more pow erful. If the wrong filmmaker has this knowledge and the power to manipulate a great number ofShow MoreRelated Humanities’ Irrational and its Effects on a Utopian Society1690 Words   |  7 PagesThe human psyche is divided into rational and irrational drives. Courtesy of Sigmund Freud, it is divided into the id, ego, and super-ego. According to Freud, although the super-ego controls the other two to present ourselves in a rational state within society, the id often tends to be out of complete control by the conscious, making it an unconscious action. For Freud, it’s the recognition that the irrational is there, that it must be controlled to take over. Man’s aggressive nature does tend toRead MoreFreud s Worst Nightmare Perfect Sex Dream1021 Words   |  5 Pagesand assumptions on Freud and his relation to modern cinema, memories, and the development of the original horror film. She begins by describing Freud and his obsession with horror. She briefly mention s some of his case histories that entail themes of sexual abuse, hysteria, bestiality, phobias, and perversity, but primarily continues to inform us of his hatred of cinema. Considering Freud was born in 1856, he was just reaching his mid 50’s when early cinema really took off. Films and movies becameRead MoreEssay on Freuds Concept of the Uncanny1086 Words   |  5 Pagesuncanniness. The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud endeavored to explain this feeling of uncanniness in his essay entitled â€Å"The Uncanny†. Freud’s theory focuses around two different causes for this reaction. Freud attributes the feeling of uncanniness to repressed infantile complexes that have been revived by some impression, or when primitive beliefs that have been surmounted seem once more to be confirmed. The first point of his theory that Freud discusses in the essay is the repressionRead MoreFreuds Theories Applied in Inception1220 Words   |  5 Pagespiece of art there is usually an inspiration of some sort that gave the artist influence on their production. In contemporary society, we often see modern artists use influences from past theories, ideas, designs, etc. Inception, the 2010 sci-fi action film, is a movie about illegal spying by entering the minds of certain individuals by sharing dreams. Dom Cobb and his partner, Arthur, use this tactic to extract or plant desired information from or into their unconscious. Mr. Saito, an exceedingly wealthyRead MoreThe Movie Fight Club By Chuck Palahniuk1083 Words   |  5 PagesSigmund Freud was a highly criticized psychologist, psychoanalyst, prominent philosopher and also a medical doctor. The bulk of is work and theories were done around the early twentieth century. Although this was quite some time ago, many of his findings are still a topic of debate for scholars. Along with some m ore recent theories, much of the fundamental aspects of psychoanalyses can be drawn back to Freudian concepts. Traces of his concepts and ideas can even be seen in other aspects of life,Read MoreMovie Analysis : Fight Club 1423 Words   |  6 PagesD), is a film about the alienation and search for self of the character known only as the narrator. The males featured within the film all partake in fighting each other in order to assert their masculinity and in turn find that sense of self. The narrator begins the film as an insomniac, but as the film runs on we actually come to see his personality has been fractured by the alienation that he experiences. It becomes evident that the narrator and the majority of males within the film have all sufferedRead MoreVision And The Act Of Looking1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ocular Spectatorship Vision and the act of looking is an important and recurring theme in many horror films. In early gothic literature, such as in Guy de Maupassant s Le Horla, the author presents vision as definitive and universal proof and stresses the importance of seeing as well as the act of showing gore. As a society, we are routinely told ‘seeing is believing in the wake of any paranormal or supernatural phenomena, placing weight on the tangible. However, as science and technologyRead More Film Adaptation of Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex Essay971 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"You are your own enemy† (Guthrie, Oedipus Rex, 22:43). In the film adaptation of Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus Rex† (1957), Sir Tyrone Guthrie portrays the characters as truth seekers that are ignorant when trying to find King Laius’ murderer. On the other hand, Sigmund Freud’s hypothesis of Sophocles’ work introduces us to â€Å"The Oedipus Complex† (1899) which states that as we’re young we grow infatuated with our opposite sex parent and feel resentment towards our same-sex parent. These two pieces have adaptedRead MoreSurrealism In Un Chien Andalou1157 Words   |  5 Pageswhich are almost completely exempt from reason, aesthetic and moral concern. I shall, therefore, for the purpose of this essay, analyse the ways in which Luis Buà ±uel and Salvador Dalà ­ managed to express the ‘true functioning of the mind’ in their film Un Chien Andalou, a representation of the nature of dreams, according to Breton’s definition of Surrealism. In Manifeste du surrà ©alisme, Breton gives the following as his definition of Surrealism: â€Å"Automatisme psychique pur, par lequel on se proposeRead MorePatrick Bateman in American Psycho - A Freudian Analysis1413 Words   |  6 Pagesappeared to enjoy killing women in particular including one that he seemed genuinely affectionate for. Throughout the film, Patrick kills over 20 people. Many times he could not tell whether or not the events were real or simply a part of a psychotic delusion brought on by his problems. His character revealed the inner goings on in his mind by narrating these thoughts throughout the film. Patrick acknowledged that what he was doing was wrong. He noted that he had been depersonalized and that he had lost

Friday, December 13, 2019

Assignment Template Free Essays

A new manager is starting in the organisation shortly. You have been asked to provide an outline to this new-starter, so that they can gain some understanding of the organisation in preparation for their start. The information you provide should include: ? A list of the main products and services of the organisation ? An identification of the main customers ? The purpose and goals of the organisation An analysis of a minimum of 4 external factors and their impact on the business activities of an organisation ? The structure and at least 4 functions of the organisation ? An explanation of how these different functions work together within the organisation to optimise performance ? An identification of the culture of the organisation and at least 2 ways this affects operations. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment Template or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In order to understand the organizational business or operation environment and cope with specific organizational culture, it seems important to get the comprehensive information regarding the products and services, customer base, organizational goals or objectives of the company and its internal or external influencing factors. Considering the same, brief insight about Apple Inc. can be of great help for new managers to understand and cope with new organizations culture. Apple Inc. is known in the global market place for its innovative new dimensions of digital technology, which acts as the core competitive advantages of its business. Company has well known brand repute in the local and global market places, which entails it to expand its business of producing personal computers, computer software, servers, consumer electronics and digital media for distribution etc beyond the domestic boundaries. Apple has developed innovation and new digital technology utilization as the strategy for growth of organization and expansion of business in global territories. Most popular products of company are the iPhone, iPad, iPod, and the Mac computers and laptops, which have helped in establishment of its own niche market by the Apple. Certain products like iPods and iTunes etc have generated high volume sales in its specific industry segment of consumer electronics and media sales. With grand success of iPhone series mobile equipments Apple is still reaping the market through its innovative product iPad. One of the founding member Steve Jobs has formulated and developed the culture of innovation and new dimensions of digital technology as the key competitive factors. Apple has aligned its strategic thoughts with that of the approach of creation and delivery of new product segments and improvements in the existing products in the market. Through such approach of innovation and advanced technology product development, Apple has build up its specific organizational culture and with passage of time extensive research and development programs and quick upgrade of upcoming and existing products have become the integral part of its overall organizational development strategy. In its customer base main constituents are the young age individuals and institutional organizations, who utilises specific products like iPods, iPhones, iPads etc for their personal use and Mac computers and laptops for their professional or operational uses. Improvements and upgrades in existing products and launch of new innovative products have helped in development of organizational value and sustain growth prospects. Basic approach of Apple towards operational imperatives seems to follow the integration framework, where different operational functions like designing, engineering, retail and research and development are integrated to develop high quality and advanced technology products. Such approach of integration of different operational functions helps it in gaining flexibility and quick responses in situation of change in environment. Most of the operational efforts remain allocated to bring innovation and efficiency in core functions of Apple, like designing, engineering, retail and research and development, which bring uniqueness and sustainable quality in the offerings. As basic strategy of Apple Inc. is considered to be inclined towards development of specific products targeted to certain specific markets, thus even though it has earned impressive growth in past, a prospective threat of influence of external environmental factors also exists, which may potentially affect the business and growth prospects of the Apple Inc. Certain external factors which may affect the Apple’s business can be mentioned as change in interest or preferences of the customers, dynamic changes in the technology, entry of other strong competitors in its niche market segment and change in rules and regulations of global market economies. Due to technological advancements most of the technical specifications of iPods became available in iPhones and other similar products of other competitors thus it poses enhanced internal and external competition for its products like iPods etc. Similarly with spread of technology in global sphere several other competitors have also started optimizing their potentials to compete directly in the niche market of Apple, just like the case of Samsung which has posed significant competition to the Apple’s iPhone. Apple’s organizational culture is considered to be based on the integration of different operational functions and utilization of innovation and digital technology dimension in product development. As Apple operates in global scenario and utilizes the organizational communication, open-mindedness, inter-disciplinary design reviews and collaborative operations of technical teams as its organizational culture components, thus certain issues like cross culture conflicts and respective barriers of communications can affect the productivity and sustainability of growth prospects. Cross cultural conflicts can hamper the competitive advantages developed by the Apple in several years of effort. How to cite Assignment Template, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Defining Success free essay sample

I think the correct definition of success is being healthy, having a career that is fulfilling to myself, having the ability to have financial freedom, having a happy home and family, having a healthy relationship with a significant other, and being someone who you are genuinely proud of being. In order to be a successful person and do all the things you need to do to get to your, â€Å"desired outcome,† you need to be a healthy person. Being healthy could mean working out every day or in my case it would mean playing field hockey, which is something that I am passionate about doing, so that makes playing fun. I strongly believe that being active affects the level of happiness you bring to your life. Every person has their own passions and their own interests in different topics. I have a strong interest in the Medical field and everything that has to do with Anatomy and Biology likewise I love working with people so my dream is to become an anesthesiologist. We will write a custom essay sample on Defining Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In order for me to define my career as successful I want to have full days of helping others. I want to be ready to go home at the end of the day, and wake up excited to go to work. I believe my success will be directly linked to my background. When I was younger I watched my single mom struggle. I know it was really hard for her because she was going to school, working full time, and taking me back and forth from day care. Because of her I never had a doubt in my mind about going to college, it was just something I knew I was going to do, but I wasn’t sure what I was going to do in school until my aunt got sick; every day I watched her suffer in pain because of what her cancer was doing to her and I remember saying to my mom, â€Å"I want to help her. That’s when the anesthesiologist came in and gave her a shot that stopped the pain, and from then on I thought of anesthesiologists as heroes. The career path I have chosen will bring me financial freedom. One of my biggest goals in life is to never have to worry about how I’m going to pay my next bill. My ideal finial life style is having enough money to sustain my ideal lifestyle, which wou ld mean a lot of traveling and having a beautiful house. Happiness is in the home. I want to have a beautiful home where I come home and relax and going swimming in my heated pool! I think a good family is a support system, and life throws curve balls, so in order for everyone in the household to be successful as well I would need to have a family that has good communication, humor, support one another, and most of all a lot of love. I want to come home to a house full of happy people and live as a true family who doesn’t fight 24/7, because then life would be not only tolerable but worth living too. In order to have my ideal family, I need a significant other. I would describe my perfect significant other as someone who makes me feel confident in everything that I do, they would motivate me to better myself, they would communicate well, and most of all I want to be in love. I never want to have a doubt about my husband if I get married, because I feel marriage should be something you don’t even have to think about, you should never think, â€Å"do I really want to spend the rest of my life with this person? I feel it should just all flow together and when the time comes and he asks you to marry him it should be an automatic, â€Å"yes. † Being someone who you are proud of being is something that a lot of people tend to look past these days. If you set personal goals and achieve them that is something to be proud of, whether those goals are rearranging your bedroom, volunteering, or even huge goals of going back to college it will make you feel better. Even though you would think that being someone your proud of would only affect you your wrong because people that are proud bring passion to life and that affects other people, you could end up inspiring someone to better themselves. To be successful in life everyone should define what success means to them. You’re always going to have struggles in life, but you need to push though them in order to live the life you want. Drive yourself to take your passion and your fears and challenge them, push yourself out of your comfort zones. As Bill Gates would say, â€Å"Life is not fair; get used to it. †

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Designing a SemTech Proof-of-Concept Get Ready for Our Next Live Online Training

Designing a SemTech Proof-of-Concept: Get Ready for Our Next Live Online Training Next month marks the twelfth edition of our live online training Designing a Semantic Technology Proof-of-Concept.The journey, which started more than two years ago, has been long and bumpy. But it has enriched us in terms of identifying key needs for those looking to build a simple prototype in order to demonstrate the power of semantic technology, linked data and knowledge graphs. Some of that journey has been recorded in a previous blog post. What This Training IsSo, what is this live online training about, you might wonder? Lets start with a quick definition of the basics. Semantic technology is a broad technological term that covers specific technological approaches, principles and methodologies for managing data and knowledge. If we have to boil it down to the essentials it deals with the meaning rather than the structure of the data.The most important question our training tries to answer, both in theory and in practice, is how to approach a use case that is a good fit for semantic technology.Of course, this can mean a variety of things but we can start by thinking about:how to model the data to allow for its dynamic integration and reuse in the future;how to automate knowledge discovery;how to interlink data with other data sources (think Linked Open Data);what kind of auxiliary resources should we use, if at all;what kind of databases support and enable such complex data structures.The answers to these questions ar e presented in the course of week-long, self-paced sessions and a 4.5-hour live online practice session. The training is structured to follow the steps of building a simple prototype to test the feasibility of the technology with hands-on guidance by experienced instructors. After a mandatory introduction to the broader theory of semantic technology, participants are taken on a live journey where they:interact with some publicly available datasets and convert them from common tabular formats, such as CSV, to a semantic data representation using OntoRefine;model the data against some auxiliary resources such as ontologies;create some classes and properties and develop a data modeling scenario;interlink the data with other structured, semi-structured and/or textual sources;explore the interlinked datasets with SPARQL;interact with the semantic graph database from an external project.In the end, for those who have advanced in conceptualizing their prototype and would like to go beyond, there is an opportunity for a one-on-one meeting with the instructors. There, they can turn the acquired knowledge into a practical solution to their specific business case and strategize about its implementation. What This Training Is Not This training will not make a SPARQL master out of anyone. Ideally, the training is available to semantic technology beginners. This includes people who are not versed in its concepts and theory but have some basic understanding of the technology and are not afraid to dive directly into the practice. For a small part of the training, this means SPARQL queries.In order to feel comfortable and keep up with the training, participants need to have at least a basic understanding of the SPARQL query language and the underlying graph-based data model. Therefore, we provide a theoretical overview of both, including some practical exercises in SPARQL. Still, newcomers are advised to dedicate some time to any of the excellent SPARQL tutorials out there, some of which are referred to in the FAQ section of the training page.Another thing you should not expect from this training is presenting use cases from different domains. Instead, we work on one factitious use case and by thoroughly developin g it, we address fundamental questions about how to work on a typical semantic technology use case.Most important in terms of setting the expectations straight is that this training does not aim to immediately deliver a ready-to-pitch project. It will, however, teach participants how to approach a data challenge that might be a good candidate for semantic technology and will show them how to put together a simple prototype. This will lay solid foundations for the rest of the work necessary for implementing a full, working knowledge graph solution.Why You Should Give it a TryAs always, the most convincing is to see how the knowledge gained from our training can lead to a successful solution.One of the best success stories as a result of our training is Culture Creates. The aim of this project is to make cultural events findable for voice-powered and AI-powered search assistants. This becomes possible thanks to metadata enrichment, integrating and linking data from various data source s and, ultimately, dumping, structuring and querying that data with the help of a semantic graph database. All these steps and techniques are addressed in theory and in practice throughout the training.You should also keep in mind that more and more reports estimate that until 2022 the annual growth of the graph database market will be 100%. In addition, according to Gartner’s report, knowledge graphs are â€Å"ideally suited to storing data extracted from the analysis of unstructured sources†. So, if you’re dealing with massive amounts of data, especially unstructured and locked in silos, it is inevitable that you will encounter complex questions across that data. And very often it is not practical or even possible to answer them using SQL databases.This is where semantic technology and graph data stores come into the picture with their capability to efficiently model, explore and query data with complex interrelationships across data silos.Interested? Go to ou r training page where you can learn details  or contact the team for specific questions.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Definition and Examples of Crots in Composition

Definition and Examples of Crots in Composition In composition, a crot is a verbal bit or fragment used as an autonomous unit to create an effect of abruptness and rapid transition. Also called a blip. In  An Alternate Style: Options in Composition  (1980), Winston Weathers described crot  as an archaic word for bit or fragment. The term, he said, was revived by  American essayist and novelist  Tom Wolfe in his introduction to  The Secret Life of Our Times  (Doubleday, 1973). This is one of the few great ways that a fragment sentence can be used effectively - they are often used in poetry but can be used in other forms of literature as well. Examples and Observations in Literature New Years Eve on Broadway. 1931. The poets dream. The bootleggers heaven. The hat check girls julep of joy. Lights. Love. Laughter. Tickets. Taxis. Tears. Bad booze putting hics into hicks and bills into tills. Sadness. Gladness. Madness. New Years Eve on Broadway.(Mark Hellinger, New Years Eve on Broadway. Moon Over Broadway, 1931)The Crots of Mr. JingleAh! fine place, said the stranger, glorious pile - frowning walls - tottering arches - dark nooks - crumbling staircases - Old cathedral too - earthy smell - pilgrims feet worn away the old steps - little Saxon doors - confessionals like money-takers boxes at theatres - queer customers those monks - Popes, and Lord Treasurers, and all sorts of old fellows, with great red faces, and broken noses, turning up every day - buff jerkins too - matchlocks - Sarcophagus - fine place - old legends too - strange stories: capital and the stranger continued to soliloquize until they reached the Bull Inn, in the High Street, where the coach stopped.(Alfred Jingle in Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers, 1837) Coetzees CrotsWhat absorbs them is power and the stupor of power. Eating and talking, munching lives, belching. Slow, heavy-bellied talk. Sitting in a circle, debating ponderously, issuing degrees like hammer blows: death, death, death. Untroubled by the stench. Heavy eyelids, piggish eyes, shrewd with the shrewdness of generations of peasants. Plotting against each other too: slow peasant plots that take decades to mature. The new Africans, pot-bellied, heavy-jowled men on their stools of office: Cetshwayo, Dingane in white skins. Pressing downward: their power in their weight.(J.M. Coetzee, The Age of Iron, 1990)Crots in PoetryAh to be aliveon a mid-September mornfording a streambarefoot, pants rolled up,holding boots, pack on,sunshine, ice in the shallows,northern rockies.(Gary Snyder, For All)Crots in AdvertisingTell England. Tell the world. Eat more Oats.  Take Care of your Complexion. No More War. Shine your Shoes with Shino. Ask your Grocer. Children love Laxamalt.  Prepar e to meet thy God. Bungs Beer is Better. Try Dogsbodys Sausages. Whoosh the Dust Away. Give them Crunchlets. Snagsburys Soups are Best for the Troops.  Morning Star, best Paper by Far. Vote for Punkin and Protect your Profits. Stop that Sneeze with Snuffo. Flush your Kidneys with Fizzlets. Flush your Drains with Sanfect. Wear Wool-fleece next the Skin. Popps Pills Pep you Up. Whiffle your Way to Fortune. . . .Advertise, or go under.(Dorothy Sayers, Murder Must Advertise, 1933) Menckens CrotsTwenty million voters with IQs below 60 have their ears glued to the radio; it takes four days hard work to concoct a speech without a sensible word in it. Next day a dam must be opened somewhere. Four senators get drunk and try to neck a lady politician built like an overloaded tramp steamer. The Presidential automobile runs over a dog. It rains.(H.L. Mencken, Imperial Purple)Updikes CrotsFootprints around a KEEP OFF sign.Two pigeons feeding each other.Two showgirls, whose faces had not yet thawed the frost of their makeup, treading indignantly through the slush.A plump old man saying Chick, chick and feeding peanuts to squirrels.Many solitary men throwing snowballs at tree trunks.Many birds calling to each other about how little the Ramble has changed.One red mitten lying lost under a poplar tree.An airplane, very bright and distant, slowly moving through the branches of a sycamore.(John Updike, Central Park)Winston Weathers and Tom Wolfe on Crots- In its most intense form, the crot is characterized by a certain abruptness in its termination. As each crot breaks off, Tom Wolfe says, it tends to make ones mind search for some point that must have just been made- presque vu!- almost seen! In the hands of a writer who really understands the device, it will have you making crazy leaps of logic, leaps you never dreamed of before.The provenance of the crot may well be in the writers note itselfin the research note, in the sentence or two one jots down to record a moment or an idea or to describe a person or place. The crot is essentially the note left free of verbal ties with other surrounding notes. . . .The general idea of unrelatedness present in crot writing suggests correspondence- for those who seek it- with the fragmentation and even egalitarianism of contemporary experience, wherein the events personalities, places of life have no particular superior or inferior status to dictate priorities of presentation.(Winston Weathers, An Alternate Style : Options in Composition. Boynton/Cook, 1980) Bangs manes bouffants beehives Beatle caps butter faces brush-on lashes decal eyes puffy sweaters French thrust bras flailing leather blue jeans stretch pants stretch jeans honeydew bottoms eclair shanks elf boots ballerina Knight slippers.(Tom Wolfe, The Girl of the Year. The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby, 1965)MontagePart of the power of moving images comes from the technique [Sergei] Eisenstein championed: montage. Here the tables turn in the contest between the novel and moving images, for in switching rapidly between perspectives, it is those who share their imaginations with us by writing who are at a disadvantage.Because writers must work to make each view they present believable, it is very difficult for them to present a rapid series of such views. Dickens, with his marvelous alertness, succeeds as well as any writer has: the whistling of drovers, the barking of dogs, the bellowing and plunging of oxen, the bleating of sheep, the grunting and squealing of pig s; the cries of the hawkers, the shouts, oaths, and quarrelling on all sides [Oliver Twist]. But when attempting to capture the energy and chaos of this stunning and bewildering market-morning scene, Dickens is often reduced to lists: Countrymen, drovers, butchers, hawkers, boys, thieves, idlers, and vagabonds of every low grade or crowding, pushing, driving, beating, whooping and yelling.(Mitchell Stephens, The Rise of the Image, the Fall of the Word. Oxford University Press, 1998) See also: Collage EssayIn Defense of Fragments,  Crots, and Verbless SentencesListMinor SentenceSentence FragmentSuite Amà ©ricaine, by H.L. MenckenUsing Sentence Fragments EffectivelyVerbless SentenceWhat Is a Sentence?

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Principles and Functions of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles and Functions of Management - Essay Example This theory focused upon the achievement of short term objectives as a means to fulfilling the long term goals of the organization. (Birnbaum 2000:43-52). Employees in every department were to set out short-term objectives, which were to be achieved within a certain deadline. Companies such as General Motors and RCA Foods adopted this method of management. However, in actual practice, this theory failed to take into account the political bickering and rivalry that existed between various departments. In actual practice, the departments rarely bothered to make and adhere to short-term objectives and the theory was soon scrapped by 1985, because it was found to be ineffective. The reason for this was because the theory failed to take into account the unpredictable human factor, that often results in problems arising with the practical execution of a management theory that may be sound good on paper but fails in practice. Managers therefore failed to make use of this theory on a wide ra nging basis, because while it sounded good as a theory it was not effective in actual practice. This is a commonly used management practice today and the tool through which it functions is commonly known as the SWOT analysis. This theory was also derived from Peter Drucker’s rational approach with an attempt to also include political inputs. This method involves the analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats to a business. This was a management technique that was set out with the purpose of identifying a particular niche for every business. The aim and objective behind this management theory was to enable an organization to survive and compete effectively in a rapidly changing, globalizing environment. According to this theory, the SWOT analysis helps to analyze external and internal data within the organization and compare it with others in the industry in order to evaluate the exact